Dans ce sujet, plusieurs liens très très pertinents vous seront partagés. J'ai trouvé ces liens en lisant des livres ou des ebooks électroniques ou imprimés. Ces liens seront la plupart du temps orientés vers la recherche d'information via Internet.
Exemples:
Pour évaluer la qualité de l'information...http://www.virtualchase.com/quality
Le producteur de ce site, clâme qu'il a construit la plus grosse base de données jamais construite dans la jeune histoire d'Internet...http://www.archive.org
Centaines de milliers de bases de données et des moteurs de recherche spécialisés. Ainsi que plusieurs catalogues Web...http://completeplanet.com
L'un des meillieur catalogue de répertoire Web...http://www.vlib.org
Librairie publique d'Internet...http://ipl.org/ref/rr
Projet Gutenberg...catalogue de livres http://www.promo.net/pg
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The Resource Shelf
http://resourceshelf.blogspot.com
This site by Gary Price provides extensive updates on new resources. He
also produces a Weblog (“blog”) newsletter that is extremely useful for being
alerted to new sites, particularly those in the Invisible Web.
FreePint
http://www.freepint.com
A U.K.-based site by Will Hann providing:
• A free e-mail newsletter with tips on Internet searching and reviews
of Web sites.
• FreePint Bar: Subscribers’Internet-related questions and comment—
and reviews.
• FreePint Portal—particularly good for business information.
ResearchBuzz
http://www.researchbuzz.com
A site by Tara Calishain covering news on a broad spectrum of Internet
research tools and providing articles, archives, and a weekly newsletter.
Internet Resources Newsletter
http://www.hw.ac.uk/libwww/irn
Produced by the Heriot Watt University Library. “The free, monthly newsletter
for academics, students, engineers, scientists and social scientists.”
The Scout Report
http://scout.wisc.edu
The Scout Report, published since 1994, provides well-annotated reviews
of new sites, with both a weekly general report and also specialized mailing
lists in the areas of life sciences, physical sciences, mathematicals, engineering,
and technology.
Yahoo!
http://yahoo.com
Yahoo! is the best known of the general Web directories, although its own
directory is probably smaller than either Open Directory or LookSmart. Its
content is well organized, and in addition to the directory itself, it has an excellent
collection of tools that may be more important for the serious searcher
than the directory itself. These tools include a very personalizable portal aspect,
country-specific versions of the directory (and portal), groups, free e-mail, a
calendar, and channels on topics such as travel and health. (See the last part
of the chapter for more information on the portal aspect.)
LookSmart
http://looksmart.com
moteur de recherche quand assez puissant
Librarians’ Index to the Internet
The highly respected Librarians’
http://lii.org
c'est un très bon outil
Index to the Internet is a
collection of over 11,000 carefully chosen resources selected on the basis of
their usefulness to public library users. Provided by the Library of California,
it is well annotated, easily browsable, and also searchable.
Selected Examples of Leading General Portals
Excite (http://excite.com)—Once the best, and might be on the way back.
Lycos (http://lycos.com)—Very good content and personalization, but ads
take up too much of the space.
AOL—Mentioned here because it was the first popular general portal. Available
only to AOL subscribers.
MSN (http://msn.com)—Widely used because it came pre-installed on so
many computers. For those of you who can’t get enough of Bill Gates, here’s
one more opportunity to have him around.
Netscape (http://netscape.com)—Very good content, very cleanly laid out,
and very personalizable. (Netscape was acquired by AOL in 1999.)
Other Resources Relating
to General Directories and Portals
Traffick: The Guide to Portals and Search Engines. Frequently Asked
Questions about Portals.
http://www.traffick.com/article.asp?aID=9#what
This site provides an overview and history of the concept of Web portals.
Finding Specialized Directories
http://teoma.com
Using Teoma
The Teoma search engine
provides a unique section on
its results pages that specifically identifies resource guides. Do a search on the
topic for which you would like to find a specialized directory and look for the
“Resources” section on the first
page of Teoma’s results. Among the sites that
it finds, Teoma lists separately the sites that have a large number of links. Not
all of the sites listed will truly be a specialized directory, but Teoma usually
identifies several. You will notice that Teoma, wisely, identifies these as “Link
collections from experts and enthusiasts,” not guaranteeing the level of expertise
involved
refdesk.com
http://refdesk.com
A fairly extensive collection, actually arranged more as a portal with news
headlines, and other features, as well as links to valuable reference resources.
(It was achieving a deserved status on its own, but got a boost when Colin Powell
said something to the effect that it should be on the screen of every State
Department employee.)
InfoMine
http://infomine.ucr.edu
A well organized, categorized, and searchable collection of over 40,000 links,
this directory is specialized in that it focuses on “Academically Valuable Resources.”
Look here for sources that will be useful in an academic environment (all levels).
For a specialized directory, the Advanced Search page has quite extensive searching
capabilities. It comes from the University of California, with contributions
from librarians at a number of other universities.
BUBL LINK
http://bubl.ac.uk/link
This site, from the University of Strathclyde, includes over 12,000 resources,
covering all academic areas. Part of its uniqueness is that the categories used are
based on the Dewey Decimal Classification, and it has a particularly strong
focus on library and information science. It is very easily browsable and also
has good search capabilities on its Search page.
Project Gutenberg
http://www.promo.net/pg
Want to read a good book? Come here. This is the site for a project that
dates back to early years of the Internet and has the objective of making available
to the world all books that are out of copyright and in full-text online.
It leads to around 6,000 books, from Cicero to the Bobbsey twins. All are
books that are no longer under copyright (therefore, almost all are from
before 1923). For many of the books, the entire text is available in a single
file, allowing a researcher to quickly find all mentions of a word in a text
(by using the “Edit > Find in page” function of your browser). Using this
approach (not just here but elsewhere) you can, for example, go to the text
of the Odyssey and quickly, one-by-one, find every mention of Telemachus,
if you are inclined to do such things.
Library of Congress Gateway to Library Catalogs
http://lcweb.loc.gov/z3950/gateway.html
Going beyond just the collection of links level, this site brings together,
using a consistent interface, the capability of searching (one at a time) the contents
of the online catalogs of almost 500 libraries, both in the U.S. and elsewhere.
All of these are catalogs that use the Z39.50 standard for online library
catalogs.
Virtual Religion Index
http://religion.rutgers.edu/vri
With a focus on scholarly sites, this directory site contains extensive links
on the world’s major (and minor) religions, and on the academic study of religion
and religious issues.
Physical and Life Sciences
At present, there does not seem to be a single broad-reaching directory for
the sciences in general. Your best bet for focusing on a specific science may
be to try the techniques mentioned earlier for finding specialized directories,
or try the appropriate section on sites such as InfoMine. The following are
some notable examples of science sites in some specific areas.
ChemDex
http://www.chemdex.org
This site contains over 7,000 chemistry-related links. The links are arranged
by 13 top-level categories and include both scholarly sites and links to chemical
companies and suppliers. Go to “WebElements” for an outstanding online periodic
table. Even if you have no connection with chemistry, you will find it interesting
and even fun, with contents ranging from the usual periodic table data for
each element, to bond enthalpies, to cartoons about the element.
HealthFinder
http://www.healthfinder.gov
As its subtitle says, “your guide to reliable health information,” this consumer-
oriented site comes from the U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services. The links it includes range from medical dictionaries to background
on diseases to directories of physicians, hospitals, nursing homes, and a variety
of other easily understandable resources.
MEDLINE Plus Health Topics
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/healthtopics.html
A combination of information provided directly on the site and extensive
collections of links, a good sense of what the site provides can be gotten by
looking at the categories into which it is arranged: Health Topics (over 570
topics on conditions, diseases, and wellness), Drug Information, Medical
Encyclopedia, Dictionaries, News, (health news from the past 30 days), Directories
(doctors, dentists, and hospitals), and Other Resources.
Engineering
EEVL:The Internet Guide to Engineering, Mathematics, and Computing
http://www.eevl.ac.uk
The EEVL site, based at the Heriot Watt University in Edinburgh, U.K., is
undoubtedly one of the best specialized directories on the Internet. It contains
over 9,000 links on the topics defined in its title and the well-annotated links are
easily browsed using the detailed categories provided. The “Search All,” “Key
Sites,” “EEVL Catalogue,” and “Web Sites” tabs shown on the main page provide
easy and quite extensive searchability. Sites are well-annotated and the main
page also provides links to news and events in the areas covered, plus a variety
of other resources. (“EEVL” is now the acronym for Enhanced and Evaluated
Virtual Library.)
I3—Internet Intelligence Index
http://www.fuld.com/i3
Produced by Fuld and Company, a leader in the competitive intelligence
field, this directory provides well organized and annotated links to over 600
sites that competitive intelligence researchers should be aware of.
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